Under Python, raise Python exceptions

When in a Python script an exception remains unhandled, we should raise a Python exception instead of aborting the C way.

As Artur told us under #674 (closed), this is particularly important for interactive work, e.g. using Jupyter notebooks. If the interpreter crashes, all previous computations would have to be re-run, a python exception is easy to deal with and allows re-execution of a modified model.

added Python user request labels

mentioned in issue #674 (closed)

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assigned to @a.nejati

The proper mechanism for us is the following:

When using the STL it is advisable to add in an exception handler to catch all STL exceptions. The %exception directive can be used by placing the following code before any other methods or libraries to be wrapped:

https://www.swig.org/Doc4.1/Library.html#Library_stl_exceptions

I applied this to a minimal example and it worked as expected.

changed milestone to %v21

mentioned in merge request !1821 (merged)

mentioned in commit 7542779c

closed with merge request !1821 (merged)